Product Code Database
Example Keywords: call of -super $73-124
barcode-scavenger
   » » Wiki: Southern California
Tag Wiki 'Southern California'.
Tag

Southern California
Search for san county
 ( ) 

 C O N T E N T S 
Rank: 100%
Bluestar Bluestar Bluestar Bluestar Blackstar
  1. Wiki
  2. Comments
  3. Media

Southern California (commonly shortened to SoCal) is a and region that generally comprises the southern portion of the U.S. state of . Its densely populated coastal region includes Greater Los Angeles (the second-most populous urban agglomeration in the )

(2026). 9780520957213, University of California Press. .
and San Diego County (the second-most populous county in California). The region generally contains ten of California's 58 counties: Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Kern, Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Imperial counties.

Although geographically smaller than Northern California in land area, Southern California has a higher population, with 23.76 million residents as of the 2020 census. The sparsely populated desert region of California occupies a significant portion of the area: the , along with the , is located on Southern California's eastern border with , and the shares a border with to the northeast. Southern California's southern border with is part of the Mexico–United States border.

Constituent metropolitan areas
Southern California encompasses eight metropolitan areas (MSAs), three of which together form the Greater Los Angeles Combined Statistical Area (CSA) with over 18 million people, the second-biggest CSA after the New York CSA. These three MSAs are the Los Angeles metropolitan area (Los Angeles and Orange counties, with 13.3 million people), the (Riverside and San Bernardino counties, including the cities, with 4.3 million people), and the Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura metropolitan area (0.8 million people). In addition, Southern California contains the San Diego metropolitan area with 3.3 million people, Bakersfield metro area with 0.9 million, and the Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and El Centro (Imperial County) metropolitan areas.

The Southern California Megaregion (or ) is larger still, extending northeast into , and south across the border into .

Significance
Within Southern California are two major cities, and , as well as three of the country's largest metropolitan areas.The three metropolitan areas are:

  1. Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana (the second largest in the US),
  2. Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario (the Inland Empire) and
  3. San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos – see: United States metropolitan areas With a population of approximately 4 million, Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States. South of Los Angeles and with a population of approximately 1.4 million is San Diego, the second most populous city in the state and the eighth most populous in the nation.
The counties of Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino are the five most populous in the state, and are among the top 15 most populous counties in the United States.

The motion picture, television and music industry are centered in the Los Angeles area in Southern California. Hollywood, a district of Los Angeles, gives its name to the American motion picture industry, which is synonymous with the neighborhood name. Headquartered in Southern California are The Walt Disney Company (which owns ABC), , Universal Pictures, MGM, Paramount Pictures, and Warner Bros. Universal, Warner Bros., and Sony also run major record companies.

Southern California is also home to a large surf and skateboard culture. Companies such as , , , , Stüssy, and are all headquartered there. Skateboarder ; surfers , , , Pat O'Connell, , and Chris Ward live in Southern California. Some of the most famous surf locations are in Southern California as well, including Trestles, Rincon, The Wedge, Huntington Beach, and Malibu. Some of the world's largest events, including the , Boost Mobile Pro, and the U.S. Open of Surfing, are held in Southern California. The region is also important to the world of with premier events including the annual Transpacific Yacht Race, or Transpac, from Los Angeles to . San Diego Yacht Club hosted the three America's Cup races from 1988 to 1995. The first modern-era was held in San Diego's Mission Bay in 1974. Since then, Southern California, and San Diego in particular, have become a mecca for and multi-sport racing, products, and culture.

Southern California has multiple sports franchises and networks, such as Fox Sports Net.

Many of these locals and tourists frequent the Southern California coast for its beaches. Some of Southern California's most popular beaches are Malibu, , , Manhattan Beach, and . Southern California is also known for its mountain resort communities, such as Big Bear Lake, Lake Arrowhead, and , and their ski resorts, like Bear Mountain, , Snow Valley Mountain Resort, and . The inland desert city of is also popular.

Northern boundary
Southern California is generally considered the area of California south of the latitude 35°45'N, approximately one-third of the state, formed by the northern boundaries of San Luis Obispo, Kern, and San Bernardino counties, which are not exactly a straight line. Another definition for Southern California uses and the Tehachapi Mountains as the northern geographical barriers, especially when defining California's .
(2026). 9781134504091, Routledge. .
In this definition, and are part of the Southern California desert system.
(1997). 9780878423620, Mountain Press Publishing.
Because of the barrier formed by the Tehachapi and ranges, cartographer George Wheeler observed in 1876 that Northern California was better connected to Oregon and Nevada than it was to Southern California.

Following the acquisition of the territory of California by the United States, several pro-slavery politicians attempted to arrange the division of Alta California at 36 degrees, 30 minutes, the line of the Missouri Compromise. Instead, the passing of the Compromise of 1850 enabled California to be admitted to the Union as a free state, preventing the southern half of California from becoming its own separate .

Subsequently, southern Californians dissatisfied with inequitable taxes and land laws attempted several times in the 1850s to achieve a separate statehood or territorial status separate from northern California. The only successful proposal, the Pico Act of 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by State Governor John B. Weller.

(2026). 9780520338036, University of California Press.
It was approved overwhelmingly by nearly 75 percent of southern California voters to form the proposed Territory of Colorado. The Pico Act bisected California starting at a latitude of six standard parallels south of the Mount Diablo meridian, then ducking southward around part of the Central Valley before cutting northeast to the California border. Six standard parallels is 144 miles south of —which corresponds to the current northern border of San Luis Obispo County, at the latitude 35°45'N. The proposal was sent to Washington, D.C., with a strong advocate in Senator . However, the secession crisis following the election of in 1860 and the subsequent American Civil War led to the proposal never coming to a vote.
(1983). 9780933280168, Island Press. .

In 1900, the Los Angeles Times defined Southern California as including "the seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura, and Santa Barbara." This definition left out San Luis Obispo and Kern counties.

Southern California was the name of a proposed new state which failed to get on the 2018 California ballot. The ballot measure proposed splitting the existing state into three parts.

In December 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the state government led by Governor divided the state into five regions for the purpose of issuing stay-at-home orders. The Southern California region consisted of the following counties: Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Mono, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura. However, Kern County was grouped with other counties of the San Joaquin Valley, California's central agricultural valley.

+Population, land area & population density (2020) !County
Ref. !Population !Land
mi !Land
km !Pop.
/mi !Pop.
/km
Los Angeles County
San Diego County
Orange County
San Bernardino County
Santa Barbara County
San Luis Obispo County

Urban landscape
Southern California consists of a heavily developed urban environment, home to some of the largest urban areas in the state, along with the Deserts of California (part of which was even proposed to become a new county due to cultural, economic and geographic differences relative to the rest of the more urban region) that have been left undeveloped. It is the third most populated in the United States, after the Great Lakes megalopolis and the Northeast megalopolis. Much of Southern California is famous for its large, spread-out, suburban communities and use of automobiles and highways. The dominant areas are Los Angeles, Orange County, , and Riverside–, each of which are the centers of their respective metropolitan areas, composed of numerous smaller cities and communities. The urban area is also host to an international San Diego–Tijuana metropolitan region, created by the urban area spilling over into .

The main barrier to urbanization along the Interstate 5 corridor is . The cities and communities along Interstate 15 and Interstate 215 are so interrelated that and have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the . To the east, the United States Census Bureau considers the San Bernardino and Riverside County areas, Riverside-San Bernardino area as a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County. Newly developed formed in the , north of Los Angeles, the , and the with the . Also, population growth was high in the Bakersfield-Kern County, Santa Maria, and San Luis Obispo areas.

Climate
Most of Southern California has a Mediterranean-like climate, with warm and dry summers, mild and wet winters, where cool weather and freezing temperatures are rare. Southern California contains other types of climates, including , and , with infrequent rain and many sunny days. Summers are hot or warm, and dry, while winters are mild, and rainfall is low to moderate depending on the area. Rain is infrequent, but is often heavy when it does occur, making an aspect of living in Southern California. This climatic pattern was alluded to in the hit song "It Never Rains in Southern California". While snow is very rare in lower elevations, mountains above receive plentiful snowfall in the winter.

Since the first decade of the 21st century, droughts and wildfires have increased in frequency as a result of .

Natural landscape
Southern California consists of one of the more varied collections of geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in a diversity outnumbering other major regions in the state and country. The region spans from Pacific Ocean islands, , beaches, and , through the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges with their peaks, and into the large and small interior valleys, to the vast deserts of California.
Introductory categories include:

Geography
Geographic features
  • (Imperial County)
  • Angeles National Forest (Los Angeles, San Bernardino, & Ventura Counties)
  • Antelope Hills (Kern County)
  • (Los Angeles & Kern Counties)
  • Arroyo Seco (Los Angeles County)
  • (Kern County)
  • Baldwin Hills (Los Angeles County)
  • (Los Angeles County)
  • Big Bear Lake (San Bernardino County)
  • (Kern County)
  • Black Hills (Kern County)
  • Bolsa Chica Estuary (Orange County)
  • Buena Vista Hills (Kern County)
  • Buena Vista Lake (Kern County)
  • (San Bernardino County)
  • Calico Mountains (San Bernardino County)
  • Channel Islands (Santa Barbara, Ventura & Los Angeles Counties)
  • (Los Angeles County)
  • (Orange, Los Angeles, Riverside & San Bernardino Counties)
  • (Riverside County)
  • (San Bernardino, Riverside, Imperial, & San Diego Counties)
  • (San Bernardino, Riverside & Imperial Counties, Baja California & Sonora)
  • (Los Angeles & Ventura Counties)
  • (San Bernardino & Riverside Counties)
  • Cuyamaca Mountains (San Diego County)
  • (San Bernardino & Inyo Counties)
  • (Kern County)
  • Diamond Valley Lake (Riverside County)
  • (Kern County)
  • (San Luis Obispo County)
  • El Mirage Lake (San Bernardino County)
  • El Paso Mountains (Kern County)
  • (Santa Barbara County)
  • Greenhorn Mountains (Kern County)
  • High Desert (Los Angeles, Kern, Inyo, & San Bernardino Counties)
  • Horned Toad Hills (Kern County)
  • (Imperial County)
  • Irish Hills (San Luis Obispo County)
  • In-Ko-Pah Mountains (San Diego County)
  • Inland Empire (Riverside & San Bernardino Counties)
  • Jacumba Mountains (San Diego County)
  • (Kern County)
  • (Kern County)
  • La Jolla Cove (San Diego County)
  • (San Diego County)
  • Lake Arrowhead (San Bernardino County)
  • (Ventura County)
  • (Riverside County)
  • (Kern County)
  • (Riverside County)
  • (Ventura County)
  • Lakeview Mountains (Riverside County)
  • (Kern County)
  • Little San Bernardino Mountains (Riverside & San Bernardino Counties)
  • Little Signal Hills (Kern County)
  • Los Angeles Basin (Los Angeles & Orange Counties)
  • Los Angeles River (Los Angeles County)
  • Los Padres National Forest (Kern, Los Angeles, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, & Ventura Counties)
  • (Kern County)
  • (Imperial, San Diego, Riverside & San Bernardino Counties)
  • (Los Angeles, Kern, Riverside & San Bernardino Counties)
  • (San Bernardino County)
  • Mount San Antonio (Los Angeles County)
  • New River (Imperial County, Mexicali Municipality)
  • (San Luis Obispo County)
  • (Ventura County)
  • (Orange County)
  • (Ventura County)
  • (San Diego County)
  • Palo Verde Valley (Riverside & Imperial Counties)
  • Palos Verdes Peninsula (Los Angeles County)
  • (Inyo County)
  • Peninsular Ranges (San Diego, Riverside, & Orange Counties)
  • (Kern County)
  • (San Diego County)
  • (Ventura County)
  • Point of Rocks (Kern County)
  • (Los Angeles & San Bernardino Counties)
  • Providence Mountains (San Bernardino County)
  • (Los Angeles County)
  • Pyramid Lake (Los Angeles County)
  • (Kern County)
  • Rio Hondo (Los Angeles County)
  • (Kern County)
  • Saddleback Valley (Orange County)
  • (Imperial & Riverside Counties)
  • San Andreas Fault (All Counties)
  • San Bernardino Mountains (San Bernardino County)
  • San Bernardino National Forest (Riverside & San Bernardino Counties)
  • San Bernardino Valley (San Bernardino County)
  • San Diego Bay (San Diego County)
  • San Diego River (San Diego County)
  • San Emigdio Mountains (Los Angeles, Ventura, & Kern Counties)
  • San Fernando Valley (Los Angeles County)
  • San Gabriel Mountains (Los Angeles & San Bernardino Counties)
  • San Gabriel River (Los Angeles County)
  • San Gabriel Valley (Los Angeles County)
  • San Jacinto Mountains (Riverside County)
  • San Jacinto River (Riverside County)
  • San Joaquin Valley (Kern County)
  • San Luis Rey River (San Diego County)
  • San Pedro Bay (Los Angeles County)
  • San Rafael Mountains (Santa Barbara County)
  • Santa Ana Mountains (Orange & Riverside Counties)
  • Santa Ana River (San Bernardino, Riverside & Orange Counties)
  • Santa Ana Valley (Orange County)
  • Santa Catalina Island (Los Angeles County)
  • Santa Clara River (Ventura County)
  • Santa Clara River Valley (Ventura County)
  • Santa Clarita Valley (Los Angeles County)
  • Santa Margarita River (Riverside, Orange & San Diego Counties)
  • Santa Monica Bay (Los Angeles County)
  • Santa Monica Mountains (Los Angeles & Ventura Counties)
  • Santa Rosa Mountains (Riverside, Imperial & San Diego Counties)
  • Santa Susana Mountains (Los Angeles & Ventura Counties)
  • Santa Ynez Mountains (Santa Barbara & Ventura Counties)
  • Santa Ynez Valley (Santa Barbara County)
  • (Kern County)
  • Sequoia National Forest (Kern County)
  • (Kern County)
  • Sierra Nevada (Kern County)
  • Sierra Pelona Mountains (Los Angeles & Kern Counties)
  • (Los Angeles & Ventura Counties)
  • Simi Valley (Ventura County)
  • Sweetwater River (San Diego County)
  • Tehachapi Mountains (Kern & Los Angeles Counties)
  • (Kern County)
  • Temescal Mountains (Riverside County)
  • (Kern County)
  • (Kern & San Luis Obispo Counties)
  • (San Diego County)
  • Topatopa Mountains (Ventura County)
  • Turtle Mountains (San Bernardino County)
  • (Ventura County)
  • Verdugo Mountains (Los Angeles County)
  • (San Bernardino County)

Geology
List of major fault zones
Note: Plate boundary faults are indicated with a (#) symbol.

Earthquakes
Each year, Southern California has about 10,000 earthquakes. Nearly all of them are too small to be felt. Only several hundred have been greater than magnitude () 3.0, and only about 15–20 have been greater than 4.0. California as a whole enacted the Alquist Priolo Special Studies Zone Act in the wake of the 1971 San Fernando earthquake. The act prohibits new construction of residential buildings closer than from a surface rupturing active fault zone. In addition, the act improved safety by requiring new structures (both residential and commercial) to be seismically retrofitted. It also required existing infrastructure to comply.

Since 1972, numerous large magnitude earthquakes have struck Southern California with little widespread damage in part due to the act. However, exceptions can be noted for epicenters that lie directly on top of densely populated regions such as the 6.7 1994 Northridge Earthquake and, to a lesser extent, the smaller 5.5 2008 Chino Hills earthquake. The Northridge earthquake occurred on a blind-thrust fault directly underneath the San Fernando Valley, which until the earthquake was previously undiscovered. of existing and new construction is aimed to prevent damage and save lives in the aftermath of a major quake, but it cannot guarantee that buildings will be unscathed if the epicenter is relatively close by.

The 1994 Northridge earthquake was particularly destructive, causing a substantial number of deaths, injuries, and structural collapses. The quake caused the most property damage of any earthquake in U.S. history at an estimated $20 billion.

Many Southern California faults are able to produce a 6.7 earthquake or greater, such as the San Andreas Fault, which can produce 8.0 or greater. The largest known earthquake in California was the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake that ruptured 200+ miles (320+ kilometers) of the San Andreas Fault from Parkfield to Wrightwood. With a recurrence interval of roughly 150 years, this part of the San Andreas fault is well within its window to produce another large earthquake. Along with the southern section of the San Andreas (in the Palm Springs region, which has not ruptured in ~400 years), the entire Southern California portion of the San Andreas Fault is ready to produce a powerful earthquake in the near future.

Notable faults capable of large magnitude events include the San Jacinto Fault (a splay of the San Andreas that runs directly under the I-10 & I-215 interchange), the Newport–Inglewood-Rose Canyon Fault (located adjacent to and responsible for Signal Hill), the Elsinore Fault (created ), the (which marks boundary between of the and the ), and the (which is within feet of and is roughly parallel to Hollywood Boulevard).

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has released a California earthquake forecast, which models earthquake occurrence in California.

List of earthquakes
This is a partial list of earthquakes in Southern California. For a full list, see List of earthquakes in California.

Note: Earthquakes with epicenters in the Los Angeles Metro Area are marked with the (#) symbol. Other earthquakes mentioned indicates shaking was felt in the region.

  • 1812 San Juan Capistrano earthquake #
  • 1812 Ventura earthquake
  • 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake
  • 1892 Laguna Salada earthquake
  • 1899 San Jacinto earthquake
  • 1918 San Jacinto earthquake
  • 1933 Long Beach earthquake #
  • 1940 El Centro earthquake
  • 1948 Desert Hot Springs earthquake
  • 1971 San Fernando earthquake #
  • 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake
  • 1968 Borrego Mountain earthquake
  • 1986 North Palm Springs earthquake
  • 1987 Superstition Hills earthquakes
  • 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake #
  • 1991 Sierra Madre earthquake #
  • 1992 Big Bear earthquake #
  • 1992 Landers earthquake
  • 1994 Northridge earthquake #
  • 2008 Chino Hills earthquake #
  • 2010 Baja California earthquake
  • 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes

Population
As of the 2020 United States census, Southern California has a population of 23,762,904. Despite a reputation for high growth rates, Southern California's population has grown slower than the state average since the 2000s. This is due to California's growth becoming concentrated in the northern part of the state as result of a stronger, tech-oriented economy in the Bay Area and an emerging Greater Sacramento region.

Southern California consists of one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions. The region is home to two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million in population. These are the Greater Los Angeles Area at 17,786,419, and San Diego–Tijuana at 5,105,768. Of these metropolitan areas, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan area, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metropolitan area, and Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura metropolitan area form Greater Los Angeles; while the El Centro metropolitan area and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos metropolitan area form the Southern Border Region.

(2026). 9781552382233, University of Calgary Press. .
North of Greater Los Angeles are the Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and Bakersfield metropolitan areas.

Cities
Los Angeles (with a population of approximately 3.9 million people) and San Diego (at nearly 1.4 million people) are the two largest cities in all of California, and are among the top eight largest cities in the United States. In Southern California, there are also 14 cities with more than 200,000 residents and 48 cities over 100,000 residents. Many of Southern California's most developed cities lie along or in close proximity to the coast, with the exception of San Bernardino and Riverside.

Counties
  • Imperial
  • Kern
  • Los Angeles
  • Orange
  • Riverside
  • San Bernardino
  • San Diego
  • San Luis Obispo
  • Santa Barbara
  • Ventura

Economy
Industries
Southern California is one of the largest economies in the United States. It is dominated by, and heavily dependent upon, the abundance of petroleum, as opposed to other regions where automobiles are not nearly as dominant, due to the vast majority of transport that runs on this fuel. Southern California is famous for tourism and the entertainment industry. Other industries include software, automotive, aerospace, finance, biomedical, ports and regional logistics. The region was a leader in the housing bubble from 2001 to 2007, and has been heavily impacted by the housing crash.

Since the 1920s, motion pictures, petroleum, and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries. In one of the richest agricultural regions in the U.S., cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs. Although military spending cutbacks have had an impact, aerospace continues to be a major factor.

(2012). 9780520289062, University of California Press. .

Major central business districts
Southern California is home to many major business districts. Central business districts (CBD) include Downtown Los Angeles, Downtown Riverside, Downtown San Bernardino, downtown San Diego, and the South Coast Metro. Within the Los Angeles Area are the major business districts of Downtown Pasadena, Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles proper has many business districts, such as Downtown LA and those lining Wilshire Boulevard, including , the Miracle Mile, Downtown Beverly Hills, and Westwood; others include Century City and Warner Center in the San Fernando Valley. The area of Santa Monica and Venice (and perhaps some of Culver City) is informally referred to as "Silicon Beach" because of the concentration of financial and marketing technology-centric firms located in the region.

The San Bernardino-Riverside Area maintains the business districts of Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, University District which are in the cities of San Bernardino and Riverside.

In Orange County, has highly developed suburban business centers (also known as ) including the Anaheim–Santa Ana edge city along I-5; and another, the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city that stretches from the South Coast Metro to the Irvine Business Complex; Newport Center; and . Downtown Santa Ana is an important government, arts and entertainment, and retail district.

Downtown San Diego is the CBD of San Diego, though the city is filled with business districts. These include Carmel Valley, Del Mar Heights, , , , and University City. Most of these districts are located in Northern San Diego and some within North County regions.

Theme parks and Water parks
Los Angeles
  • Dry Town Water Park
  • Raging Waters San Dimas
  • Six Flags Hurricane Harbor
  • Six Flags Magic Mountain
  • Universal Studios Hollywood

Orange County

  • Balboa Fun Zone
  • Disney California Adventure
  • Knott's Berry Farm
  • Knott's Soak City
  • Wild Rivers

Riverside & San Bernardino

  • Castle Park
  • SkyPark at Santa's Village
  • Wet'n'Wild Palm Springs

San Diego

  • Sesame Place San Diego
  • Belmont Park
  • Legoland California
  • Legoland Waterpark
  • San Diego Zoo
  • San Diego Zoo Safari Park
  • SeaWorld San Diego

Vineyard-Winery American Viticultural Area (AVA) districts
AVA-American Viticultural Areas in southern California:

  • South Coast AVA
    • Cucamonga Valley AVA
    • Malibu-Newton Canyon AVA
    • Ramona Valley AVA
    • Saddle Rock-Malibu AVA
    • Temecula Valley AVA
  • Leona Valley AVA

  • Central Coast AVA
    • San Luis Obispo Coast AVA
      • Arroyo Grande Valley AVA
      • Edna Valley AVA
    • San Pasqual Valley AVA
    • Santa Maria Valley AVA
    • Santa Ynez Valley AVA
    • Sta. Rita Hills AVA
    • York Mountain AVA

Transportation
Southern California is home to Los Angeles International Airport, the second-busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume (see World's busiest airports by passenger traffic) and the third-busiest by international passenger volume (see Busiest airports in the United States by international passenger traffic); San Diego International Airport, the busiest single-runway airport in the United States; Van Nuys Airport, the world's busiest airport; major commercial airports at San Bernardino, Orange County, , Ontario, Burbank, and Long Beach; and numerous smaller commercial and general aviation airports.

Six of the seven lines of the system, Metrolink, run out of downtown Los Angeles, connecting Los Angeles, Ventura, San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and San Diego counties with the other line connecting San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange counties directly.

Southern California is also home to the Port of Los Angeles, the country's busiest commercial port; the adjacent Port of Long Beach, the country's second busiest container port; and the Port of San Diego.

Airports
The following table shows all airports listed by the Federal Aviation Association (FAA) as a hub airport:

30.5m
8.5m
4.2m
2.3m
2.1m
1.5m
0.8m
0.7m
0.5m
NA

Freeways and highways
Sections of the Southern California freeway system are often referred to by names rather than by the official numbers.

+ Interstate Highways
Interstate 5Golden State Freeway
Santa Ana Freeway
San Diego Freeway
Montgomery Freeway
Interstate 8Ocean Beach Freeway
Mission Valley Freeway
Interstate 10Santa Monica (Rosa Parks) Freeway
Golden State Freeway
San Bernardino Freeway
Indio (Dr. ) Freeway
Blythe Freeway
Interstate 15



Temecula Valley Freeway
Escondido Freeway
Interstate 40
Interstate 105Century (Glenn Anderson) Freeway
Interstate 110
Interstate 210
Interstate 215
San Bernardino Freeway
Moreno Valley Freeway
Escondido Freeway
Interstate 405San Diego Freeway
Interstate 605San Gabriel River Freeway
Interstate 710Long Beach Freeway
Interstate 805Jacob Dekema Freeway
Future Interstate 905

+ U.S. Highway system
U.S. Route 66National Trails Highway
Cajon Boulevard
Foothill Boulevard
Arroyo Seco Parkway
Santa Monica Boulevard
U.S. Route 95
U.S. Route 99Golden State Highway
U.S. Route 101
Hollywood Freeway
Santa Ana Freeway
El Camino Real
U.S. Route 395

Public transportation
  • Antelope Valley Transit Authority
  • Big Blue Bus (Santa Monica)
  • Gold Coast Transit (Ventura County)
  • Golden Empire Transit (Bakersfield)
  • Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority
  • Metrolink
  • North County Transit District (northern San Diego County)
  • (southwestern San Bernardino County)
  • Orange County Transportation Authority
  • Riverside Transit Agency (western Riverside County)
  • Coaster (Oceanside to San Diego)
  • San Diego Metropolitan Transit System
  • San Luis Obispo Regional Transit Authority
  • Santa Barbara Metropolitan Transit District

Communication
Telephone area codes

Colleges and universities
Public institutions in the region include:

University of California (10 campuses total; 5 within the SoCal region)

  • Irvine
  • Los Angeles
  • Riverside
  • Santa Barbara
  • San Diego

California State University (23 campuses total; 12 within the SoCal region)

  • Bakersfield
  • Channel Islands
  • Dominguez Hills
  • Fullerton
  • Los Angeles
  • Long Beach
  • Northridge
  • Pomona
  • San Bernardino
  • San Diego
  • San Marcos
  • San Luis Obispo

Private institutions include:

  • California Institute of Technology (Pasadena)
  • Azusa Pacific University (Azusa)
  • Chapman University (Orange)
  • Claremont Colleges (all in Claremont)
  • Loma Linda University (Loma Linda)
  • Loyola Marymount University (Los Angeles)
  • Occidental College (Los Angeles)
  • Pepperdine University (Los Angeles)
  • University of Redlands (Redlands)
  • University of San Diego
  • University of Southern California (Los Angeles)

Parks and recreation areas
Numerous parks provide recreation opportunities and open space. Locations include:

  • National Park Service
    • Cabrillo National Monument
    • Carrizo Plain National Monument
    • Castle Mountains National Monument
    • Cesar E. Chavez National Monument
    • Channel Islands National Park
    • Death Valley National Park
    • Joshua Tree National Park
    • Mojave National Preserve
    • Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area
  • Major – including:
    • Anza-Borrego Desert State Park
    • Crystal Cove State Park
    • Cuyamaca Rancho State Park
    • Chino Hills State Park
    • Fort Tejon State Historic Park
    • Kenneth Hahn State Recreation Area
    • Mount San Jacinto State Park
    • Malibu Creek State Park
    • Red Rock Canyon State Park (California)
    • Topanga State Park
  • Major State Historic Parks – including:
    • California Citrus State Historic Park
    • El Presidio de Santa Barbara State Historic Park
    • La Purísima Mission State Historic Park
    • Los Encinos State Historic Park
    • Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa
    • Old Town San Diego State Historic Park
    • Rancho Los Encinos
    • Santa Susana Pass State Historic Park
    • Tule Elk State Natural Reserve
    • Will Rogers State Historic Park

Sports
Major professional sports teams in Southern California include:

  • (American football) Los Angeles Rams, Los Angeles Chargers
  • (Basketball) Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers
  • (Baseball) Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels, San Diego Padres
  • (Ice hockey) Los Angeles Kings,
  • (Soccer) , Los Angeles FC, San Diego FC
  • (Soccer) Angel City FC, San Diego Wave FC
  • (Basketball) Los Angeles Sparks
Southern California also is home to a number of popular NCAA sports programs such as the , the , and the San Diego State Aztecs. The Bruins and the Trojans both field football teams in NCAA Division I in the Big Ten Conference, and there is a longtime rivalry between the schools.

See also

Further reading
  • , focus on planning, infrastructure, water and business.
  • , on Henry Edwards Huntington (1850–1927), railroad executive and collector, who helped build LA and southern California through the Southern Pacific railroad and trolleys.
  • online
  • excerpt and text search, covers military and industrial roles.
  • revised edition online
  • , a historical geography
  • in JSTOR
  • , covers 1880s–1940

External links

: ,
Page 1 of 1
1
Page 1 of 1
1

Account

Social:
Pages:  ..   .. 
Items:  .. 
Click to view the UPC Scavenger App on google play.

Navigation

General: Atom Feed Atom Feed  .. 
Help:  ..   .. 
Category:  ..   .. 
Media:  ..   .. 
Posts:  ..   ..   .. 

Statistics

Page:  .. 
Summary:  .. 
1 Tags
10/10 Page Rank
5 Page Refs
4s Time